What is a Retrocaval ureter?
What is a Retrocaval ureter?
Retrocaval ureter also referred to as pre-ureteral vena cava is a rare congenital anomaly with the ureter passing posterior to the inferior vena cava. Though it is a congenital anomaly, patients do not normally present with symptoms until the 3rd and 4th decades of life from a resulting hydronephrosis.
Is PUJ obstruction curable?
Treatment. Most cases of UPJ obstruction actually do not require surgery and resolve on their own. However, if patients exhibit pain, recurrent infections, evidence of worsening function or increasing swelling, they may require a surgery called a pyeloplasty to prevent kidney injury and correct the blockage.
What is a Whitaker test?
A Whitaker test is a minimally invasive, image guided treatment used to measure the pressures in the kidney and bladder to determine whether or not an obstruction exists in your child’s urinary system. It detects subtle obstructions that cannot be detected by imaging or other means.
What is congenital Megaureter?
Disease definition. Congenital primary megaureter (PM) is an idiopathic condition in which the bladder and bladder outlet are normal but the ureter is dilated to some extent. It may be obstructed, refluxing or unobstructed and not refluxing.
How is puj diagnosed?
How do we diagnose PUJ obstruction? Diagnosis is normally made by using an ultrasound scan. This will show up dilatation (enlargement) of the renal pelvis but a normal size ureter. We also perform a special test called a MAG-3 which can show how well the kidney is working and draining.
What are the symptoms of PUJ obstruction?
Symptoms of PUJ obstruction
- Recurrent episodes of loin pain which tends to worsen after drinking especially alcohol.
- Kidney infection (pyelonephritis).
- Kidney stones.
- Lump or swelling in the kidney area.
How is Whitaker test done?
Percutaneous puncture of the renal pelvis is performed or an indwelling nephrostomy tube is used. The upper urinary tract is then perfused at a constant rate of 5–10 ml/min with saline or diluted contrast media, and a serial pressure recording is made in the renal pelvis and bladder.
How do you do a Whitaker test?
What happens during the procedure?
- Your child will be positioned on an angiographic table and placed under general anesthesia.
- The nurse will insert a small, soft tube into your child’s bladder.
- Your child will be positioned prone (on the stomach), and the kidneys will be examined with an ultrasound probe.
Is PUJ obstruction kidney disease?
The urine is pooled at the UPJ, and then flows down the ureters to the bladder. In UPJ obstruction, the flow of urine is slowed or stopped completely. This raises the risk of kidney damage. In most cases of UPJ obstruction, only one of the kidneys is affected.