What type of polymer is nitrocellulose?
What type of polymer is nitrocellulose?
thermoplastic
Nitrocellulose (NC), also called cellulose nitrate, is the oldest thermoplastic. It was invented by Alexander Parkes in 1855 and later commercialized under the trademarks Parkesine, Xylonite and Celluloid. It is synthesized by reacting cellulose fibers with an aqueuos solution of nitric and sulfuric acid.
Is nitrocellulose a polymer?
Nitrocellulose has a similar aspect to cotton (white and fibrous texture). It is a nitrate cellulose ester polymer with β (1→4) bonds between monomers, produced from the nitration of cell…
What is nitrocellulose made up of?
nitrocellulose, also called cellulose nitrate, a mixture of nitric esters of cellulose, and a highly flammable compound that is the main ingredient of modern gunpowder and is also employed in certain lacquers and paints.
How will you categorize cellulose nitrate?
belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenyl-1,2,4-triazoles. These are organic compounds containing a 1,2,4-triazole substituted by a phenyl group. It can be used as a propellant, low-order explosive, film base, laquer, wound dressing, and carrier of topical medications.
What is the structure of nitrocellulose?
Nitrocellulose
| Names | |
|---|---|
| Chemical formula | (C 6H 9(NO 2)O 5) n (mononitrocellulose) (C 6H 8(NO 2) 2O 5) n (dinitrocellulose) (C 6H 7(NO 2) 3O 5) n (trinitrocellulose, pictured in structures above) |
| Appearance | Yellowish white cotton-like filaments |
| Melting point | 160 to 170 °C (320 to 338 °F; 433 to 443 K) (ignites) |
| Hazards |
Is cellulose a nitrate plastic?
Invented in the mid-19th century, cellulose nitrate is commonly regarded as the earliest synthetic polymer or plastic. As increasing numbers of historical sites dating from the mid-1800s are excavated, cellu- lose nitrate objects are more frequently found in archaeological assemblages.
What are nitrocellulose resins?
Nitrocellulose (also known as cellulose nitrate, flash paper, flash cotton, guncotton, pyroxylin and flash string, depending on form) is a highly flammable compound formed by nitrating cellulose through exposure to a mixture of nitric acid and sulfuric acid.
Is guncotton a polymer?
Gun cotton is nitrating cellulose and is prepared by exposing cellulose to nitrating mixture. During nitration, the hydrogen atom of the hydroxyl groups in cellulose polymer is replaced by nitro groups. Thus, gun cotton is a polymer.
What is the nitrocellulose membrane?
Nitrocellulose membranes are a popular matrix used in protein blotting because of their high protein-binding affinity, compatibility with a variety of detection methods (chemiluminescence, chromogenic, and fluorescence), and the ability to immobilize proteins, glycoproteins, or nucleic acids.
What are semi-synthetic polymers?
Semi-synthetic polymers are those polymers that are prepared by chemically treating natural polymers. a) Rayon is a regenerated cellulosic fibre. Rayon is obtained by the chemical reaction of carbon disulphide and NaOH with wood pulp. b) Cellulose nitrate is made by adding nitric acid to cellulose.
How do you synthesize nitrocellulose?
Nitrocellulose Preparation
- Chill the acids below 0°C.
- In a fume hood, mix equal parts nitric and sulfuric acid in a beaker.
- Drop cotton balls into the acid.
- Allow the nitration reaction to proceed for about 15 minutes (Schönbein’s time was 2 minutes), then run cold tap water into the beaker to dilute the acid.
How many OH groups are in nitrocellulose?
The glucose repeat unit (anhydroglucose) within the cellulose chain has three OH groups, each of which can form a nitrate ester. Thus, nitrocellulose can denote mononitrocellulose, dinitrocellulose, and trinitrocellulose, or a mixture thereof. With fewer OH groups than the parent cellulose, nitrocelluloses do not aggregate by hydrogen bonding.
Can nitrocellulose be plasticized with polycaprolactone?
Ethylene–vinyl acetate copolymer containing 40% vinyl acetate. From Tech. Data [16]. Nitrocellulose can also be plasticized with polycaprolactone (see Chapter 22 ). The data given in Table IX are similar to that in Table VIII.
What is another name for nitrocellulose?
Alternative Title: cellulose nitrate. Nitrocellulose, also called cellulose nitrate, a mixture of nitric esters of cellulose, and a highly flammable compound that is the main ingredient of modern gunpowder and is also employed in certain lacquers and paints.
Does nitrocellulose aggregate by hydrogen bonding?
Thus, nitrocellulose can denote mononitrocellulose, dinitrocellulose, and trinitrocellulose, or a mixture thereof. With fewer OH groups than the parent cellulose, nitrocelluloses do not aggregate by hydrogen bonding.