Which enzyme is used for degumming of silk?
Which enzyme is used for degumming of silk?
Penicillium Enzymes for the Textile Industry Degumming of silk involves the cleavage of peptide bonds of sericin, a proteinaceous substance that covers the fiber either by hydrolytic or enzymatic methods and the subsequent removal of sericin from the silk fibroin.
What is the degumming process of silk?
Degumming is the process of removing the sericin, a sticky substance produced by the silkworm that holds the strands of silk together. It is also known as silk scouring. Removing the gum improves the lusture, color, hand, and texture of the silk. As much as one-third of the weight may be lost when the gum is removed.
Which enzymes is used in silk industry?
Trypsin (pancreatic) and papain-based proteases find industrial applications in textiles, particularly in silk and wool processing applications. Particularly in silk processing, these protease enzymes are applied in cocoon cooking, degumming, and biowashing (finishing) processes.
What is the substance removed during degumming of silk?
Sericin provides a harsh and stiff effect of silk and decreases the valuable property like luster and whiteness and also leads to uneven dyeing. It is necessary to remove this sericin for the better post processing of silk. The removal process of sericin from silk is called degumming.
How degumming is done?
The degumming process combines the acid degumming step with the bleaching process, thus eliminating the water addition and centrifugation of the gums. A 75 to 85% phosphoric acid is added at a rate of 500 to 10,000 ppm weight percent to the oil at 80 to 100°C.
What is the objective of degumming?
The main purpose of degumming is to remove the Phospholipids / Gums from the crude vegetable oils. There are generally two different types of phospholipids present in the crude oil depending upon their hydration levels: Hydratable or Water Degumming.
Which one of the following is removed in degumming process?
Degumming is the process for removal of phosphatides from crude soybean and other vegetable oils. The phosphatides are also called gums and lecithin.
What is enzyme degumming?
Enzymatic degumming is a relatively new process. An enzyme, phospholipase, converts phospholipids into lysophospholipids that can be removed by centrifugation. Crude oil, pretreated with a combination of sodium hydroxide and citric acid, is mixed with water and enzymes by a high shear mixer, creating a stable emulsion.
What does degumming mean?
Water refining, usually called degumming, consists of treating the natural oil with a small amount of water, followed by centrifugal separation. The process is applied to many oils that contain phospholipids in significant amounts.
What is sericin in textile?
Silk sericin is a natural macromolecular protein derived from silkworm, Bombyx mori and constitutes 25-30% of silk protein. It envelops the fibroin fibres with successive sticky layers that help in the formation of cocoon.
What is sericin used for?
Due to its elasticity and tensile strength, along with a natural affinity for keratin, sericin is primarily used in medicine for wound suturing. It also has a natural infection resistance, and is used variably due to excellent biocompatibility, and thus is used commonly as a wound coagulant as well.